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Faecal incontinence (FI), always has an underlying cause (Harari, 2009). It is defined as any involuntary loss of faeces that is a social or hygiene problem (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE], 2007).

The population of the UK, as with other developed nations, is ageing. Estimates show that in 50 years’ time, there are likely to be an additional 8.6 million people aged 65 years and over living in the UK (Office for National Statistics [ONS], 2018a). The increased ageing and morbidity of our population is driven by several factors.